Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon Beijing (China)

01 July 2008

Address at Foreign Affairs University

[As prepared for delivery]

秘书长 潘基文 北京，中国

2008年7月1日

演讲于外交学院

（准备稿）

Mr. Chancellor, Members of the Faculty, Distinguished guests, Dear students,

Ni Men Hao! Thank you all for this warm welcome. It is always a pleasure for me to come to China and to see firsthand its ongoing transformation. Today, I am especially honoured by this opportunity to speak to all of you -- the current and future faces of China in the world.

There is a common saying that this will be the Asia Pacific century. It is certainly true that what China does, and how China fares, is profoundly and increasingly significant to the world at large. Your country's economic progress, its growing leadership on global issues, and its dynamic engagement with the United Nations all give us true cause for optimism.

As this great nation grows in stature and prominence on the world stage, it will turn ever more to the graduates of this university to serve the needs of the country and increase its engagement in the outside world.

This is a task that I know you will all be well prepared for. Your academy is the cradle of Chinese diplomacy; an institution that has firmly established itself as an authoritative forum in active and inter-active discussions on issues concerning China and its expanding role in the international community. Indeed, it is in these great halls that some of the China's finest minds first get together to discuss and dissect the global challenges of our time -- challenges where the role of China will be critical in the next few years.

It is about those global challenges I want to speak to you this afternoon -- issues that might affect not only China's peaceful development, but also the international order underpinning our collective drive towards global prosperity.

校长先生、各位老师、各位嘉宾、亲爱的同学们：

你们好！感谢你们热情的接待。一直以来，我对能够来到中国并且能够切身见证进行中的变革感到高兴。今天，能在现在以及未来中国的铭牌的面前演讲，我感到特别的荣幸。

我们常说本世纪将会是一个亚太的世纪。确实，中国对世界的贡献和自身的受益已经深刻并愈加的重要。贵国的经济发展、在国际问题上的主导作用以及多元化的与联合国互动都是我们感到乐观的真正原因。

随着这个伟大的国家在世界舞台中精神以及瞩目程度上的提升，将会使促使这个大学的毕业生去满足国家的需求以及更多的参与国际事务。

我知道各位都将会为这个任务做好准备。贵校是中国外交的摇篮，一个作为在中国以及国际事务上稳固建立权威、活跃、交互对话的大学。的确，中国最顶尖的人正是这个地方聚集并讨论、剖析目前的国际挑战——中国在未来几年中面临的挑战。

今天下午我将就那些国际挑战的问题发表演讲，这些问题不仅会影响中国的和平发展，也会影响我们共同迈向全球繁荣的国际秩序。

Ladies and gentlemen,

The ties that bind our international order are stretched to breaking point by three linked challenges - food and fuel prices; climate change; and the quest to reach the Millennium Development Goals by the deadline of 2015.

Spiraling fuel costs threaten global growth and therefore our continued ability to lift the world's poor out of poverty. Each day, spiraling energy prices further accentuate divisions between the world's “haves” and “have-nots”. Similarly, climate change hurts us all, but it endangers the world's poor and vulnerable regions the most. The very people who have contributed the least to this problem are being shouldered with the greatest burden.

The rising cost of food represents an even more immediate danger. Food scarcity has already resulted in worldwide riots. Unaddressed, it imperils civic order, community harmony and the most basic social contract between State and citizen. At the same time, rising malnutrition also exacerbates growing disparities in global healthcare systems which divide not only the rich from the poor, but also the healthy from the chronically sick.

女士们先生们，

国际秩序突破口的约束已经延伸至三个紧紧相连的挑战——粮食、油价、气候变化以及在2015年前实现千年发展计划。

大幅度增加的油价威胁到全球的发展并因此影响到我们不断使全球脱贫的能力。每天，不断攀升的能源价格加深了“富国”和“穷国”的隔阂。与此同时，气候变化危害到我们所有人，但它更严重的危及世界上的贫困以及脆弱地区。有些并没有过多造成的这些问题的人却肩负着最重的担子。

粮食开支的上涨则是眼前的危机。食物短缺已经导致全球动荡。不为人所知的，它危害到城市秩序、社区和谐以及国家与国民最基本的社会契约。同时，加深中的营养失调也加剧了在国际卫生保健体系的不平等，这些不平等不但分隔了富人与穷人，而且分隔了健康与慢性疾病。

In another age, it is possible that some of these trends - however deplorable - could have been contained. But our global age is different - it does not permit such separation. At a time of international travel and global pandemics, of integrated commodities markets and worldwide refugee flows, what happens in one part of the world affects all parts of the world.

China is no exception. You have all seen how climate change can lead to extreme and unpredictable weather events. Last year, you battled unprecedented rains and floods that washed away homes and took hundreds of lives. This year, floodwaters again threaten millions of people even as the nation mourns earthquake devastation in Sichuan. Earlier this year, an exceptional freeze paralyzed road and rail traffic just as millions of Chinese were trying to get home for the Lunar New Year celebrations.

The climate events reflect humanity's interconnectedness. They are also a warning. Because today's triple threat of energy, climate and food challenges affects us all. It represents the proverbial loose thread that could unravel our entire international order.

Every country stands to lose from such an unravelling. But leading nations, like China, that have most at stake in the international system stand to lose the most. A global economic slowdown would affect this country's manufacturing base. Continued climate change could deprive millions more of their homes. The global food crisis could result in grain shortages and social unrest. And the confluence of all three of these trends could destabilize the very international order that has facilitated China's progress.

单独看来，某些这样的有点遗憾的趋势是可能被包含的，但全球化是不同的范畴，他不允许这样的分隔。在每次的国际旅行、全球农业市场的流行疾病以及世界范围内的难民潮，都是发生在一个地方后影响整个世界。

中国也不例外。你们都目睹了气候的变化是怎样导致无法预测的天气问题的。去年，你们和由于空前的大雨和水灾而引起的家园和许多生命的消失斗争。今年，水灾甚至在全国哀悼四川地震时又次威胁了数百万人民。年初，一次反常的冰冻灾害让公路和铁路在许多人等着回家过年的时候瘫痪。

诸多气象事件说明了人类是相互关联的。那也是个警告，因为当前能源的三重威胁，气候和粮食问题都影响到了我们。它说明众所周知的潜在问题能够破坏整个国际秩序。

每个国家在面临这样的破坏时都会有所损失。而像中国这样的主导国家，在国际体制中有更多的危险，也就意味着失去的最多。全球紧急不景气将影响这个国家的制造业基础。持续的气候变化将是数以百万计的人流离失所。全球粮食危机将会造成连是短缺以及社会动荡。当这三种趋势并发时会动摇曾经推动中国发展的国际秩序。

And yet, I strongly believe that we are not fated to watch our world fall into permanent crises. We can renew the ties that bind our international order. We can do so by asserting our common interests, our common ideals and -- above all -- our common humanity.

Ladies and gentlemen,

We have always seen how the greatest challenges bring forth humanity's most ennobling responses. Most recently, in Sichuan, I saw for myself the Chinese nation rise to face a tragedy of unimaginable magnitude. With the assistance of the entire international community, the Chinese government mounted a remarkable rescue and recovery effort that stands as an example of how united efforts can address extraordinary situations.

In Sichuan, I saw the world come together in solidarity with China. Now, I look to all of you to remain united with the international community as we face even greater global challenges.

How do we do this? Through the one international organization that is truly universal, and universally legitimate - the United Nations. The UN already gives us the tools to tackle today's challenges, linking country to country, region to region, neighbor to neighbor, rich to poor, public to private, person to person.

然而，我坚信我们并不是注定只能看着我们这个世界陷入长期动荡。我们能改善连接国际关系的纽带。实现这些，我们可以通过提出我们共同的利益、我们共同的理想以及最重要的是，我们的共同的人性。

女士们先生们，

我们总是能看见人性在巨大挑战下被最大的激发。最近在四川，我亲眼所见中华民族面临不可思议的灾难。在整个国际社会的协助下，中国政府上演了令人瞩目的救援和恢复的努力，这个例子是在特殊情况下共同努力的作用。

在四川，我看到了世界与中国团结一致。现在，我盼望你们在当我们面临更大全球挑战时来维护与国际社会的协作。

我们如何做到这一点？通过一个真正世界性的、普遍合理的国际组织——联合国。联合国已经给予我们工具去应付当前的挑战：融合国家与国家、地区与地区、邻国与邻国、富人与穷人、公众与个人、人与人。

But it needs the support and engagement of its Member States, particularly leading powers such as China, to deliver on an ambitious agenda. We need dedicated, bold, and sustained leadership from Governments working together in a common, universal framework.

China is already leading national efforts on several of these fronts. Despite its large population, this nation remains a net exporter of cereals. As Premier Wen Jiabao has noted, China's self-reliance in feeding its people is indeed a great contribution to the world.

Similarly, China's economic success has lifted many millions out of poverty and set a shining example of progress towards the Millennium Development Goals.

These domestic successes are undeniable. But China also has an important role to play as a global power working with the rest of the international community to address challenges that can only be met through our collective efforts.

That is why I have called for world leaders, including China, to take urgent steps to address the global food crisis.

Earlier this month, world leaders gathered in Rome pledged six billion dollars to supply emergency aid to feed the poorest and to develop long-term solutions to the food crisis. These pledges must now be reflected in immediate food assistance, as well as seeds, fertilizer and irrigation for smallholder farmers in countries worst affected by the food crisis. At a time of high energy and transportation costs, food production needs to be boosted where the hungry live.

We must also support the world's farmers by removing export restrictions and levies on food commodities, in particular those procured for humanitarian purposes; and cut agricultural subsidies in developed countries to free new resources for agricultural investment in low income, food insecure countries.

但是他需要成员国，尤其是像中国这样的主导力量的支持与参与，以实现雄心勃勃的计划。各国政府中需要有专注的、大胆的和稳定的领导者以便我们在系统框架内共同协作。

中国在这之前已经举国努力。虽然人口众多，但这个国家仍然保持粮食净出口。正如温家宝总理所提到的，中国的自给自足确实对世界做出了贡献。

同样，中国的经济成就让数百万人走出了贫困，这也给迈向千年发展目标的进程树立了一个光辉的榜样。

这些国内的成就是不可否认的，但中国也有作为国际力量与其他国际社会一道共同应付只能由我们团结一致才能对付的挑战的重要责任。

这也就是为什么我呼吁包括中国在内的世界强国采取紧急措施以应付国际粮食危机。

本月初，世界领袖们在罗马会晤并承诺了六十亿美元的紧急援助提供给最贫穷的国家以帮助发展解决粮食危机的长期方案。现在，这些承诺必须立即反应在食物援助、种子、肥料以及为手来那个是危机影响最严重地区的小农们的灌溉。在能源、运输的价格较高时，食品生产需要在备受饥饿困扰的地区推进。

另外，我们必须通过消除出口限制和消除扣押食品、日用品来帮助世界的农民，尤其是那些已经获得人道援助的国家，也要削减发达国家的农业津贴从而让低收入、食品匮乏的国家以获得更多的农业投资。

（接下篇日志）